Tracing device for copying or duplicating machines.



E. R. LOCHMAN.

TBAGING DEVIGE FOR COPYING OR DUPLICATING MAGHINES.

APPLIOATIOH FILED HAY 21, 1910. 4 1,034; 55 K Patented Jan. 13, 1914 4 SBETB-BHEET 1.

E. R. LOGHMAN. 'ramm DEVIGE FOR copme on DUPLIGATING MAGHINES.

APPLIOATION FILED MAY 21, 1910.

Patented Jan. 13, 1914,

4 BKEBTS-BHEET 2.

.1:2. i 251 l/ "I'll E. R. LOGHMAN. TRAGING DEVIGE FOB COPYING OR DUPLICATING MACHINES.

APLIOATIOI PILED IAY 21. 1910.'

1 ,084,155. I Patented JaL 13,191&

4 BEBBTS-SEEET 3.

Z//'ms s' es. I 71126722307? & C Ti r# g a Me&

B. R. LOCHMAN.

TBAGING DEVIGE ron COPYING 011 DUPLICATING MACHINBS.

APPLIQATIOI FILED IAY 21, 191"0.

Patented Jm 13, 1914 4 BHEETS-BEEET 4.

'Ey ,a

` a'sses. 1511@ EML BLOCHMAN, OF BOSTON, MASSACEUSETTS.

TRACING DEVICE FOB COPYING OB. DUPLICATING MACHINS;

Speciflcation of Letters Patet.

Patented Jan; 13, 1914,

Application filed lay 21, 1910. Serial No. 562349.

To all whom 'it may' concem:

Be itknown that I, EMIL R. LOCHMAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Boston, in the county of Sufl'olk and State of Massachusetts, have invented new and useful Improvements in Tracing Devices for Copying or Duplicati'ng Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in machines for duplicating or reproducing objects and designs by the use of a master-pattern by which a suitable work-performing tool is controlled in its action upon the work by the movements of a tracing tool moved over the surface of the master-pattern by the operator.

While the device which forms the subject I matter of my present invention may be employed in connection with duplicating machines of various usefulness may extend even to other classes of machines, I have for the purpose of illustration shown in the drawings my present invention in connection with a stone and metal cutting and carving machine forming the subject matter of an application` for Letters Patent of the United States filed by me October 7, 1908, Serial No. 397,'702. The master pattern used in connection with machines of this class is often made of fragile material such, for example, as plaster and the material being cut by the work-performing tool is often very hard'such, for example, as stone, as. a consequence of which great care must be exercsed by the operator to prevent the tracing tool from in uring the delicate master-pattern over which itis moved by the hand of the operator; It is necessary for the operator to give considerable attention to the action of the workperforming tool and yet at the same time it s necessary for him to carefully watch the tracing tool, otherwise, when he is forcing the work-performing tool into the work, the t-racing tool might be carried against some part of the master-pattern with suflicient force to injure the, same, this being especially true where there are very delicate raised surfaces on the pattern and injury to such partsiwould entail considerable less.

It is the object of my present invention to provide means to prevent such injury to the master-pattern bythe tracing tool, either by giving the operator a visible or audible warning signal when the tracing tool touches any part of the master-pattern, or

types and while its field of' by preventing further movement of the tracng tool when-it has come into contact with the pattern.

To this end, my invention consists broadly in the combination with a tracing tool and its holder of normally 'inactive means rendered active by the movement of the tracing tool relative to the holder due to contact of the tracing tool with the master-pattern, such normally inactive means consistng either of a suitable signal device or consisting of means to arrest the movement of the tracing tool when it contacts with the master-pattern and thus positively preventing injury to the pattern.

My invention further consists in a novel circuit making and breaking device particularly adapted for usein connection with tracing tools of duplicating machines and adapted to complete an electric circuit when the tracing tool Contacts With the masterpattern at any point. My inventon still further consists in the combination of a circuit making ,and breaking device Operating as just described with.

normally inactive means 'rendered active by the completon of the circuit by said device.

My invention finally consists in the novel features of Construction and in the combination and arrangement 'of parts set forth in the following specication and particularly pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the drawings: Figure 1 is a plan of a portion ofa duplicatingvmachine to which the devices embodyng my present invention are applied. Fig. 2 is a' front elevation of the machine with its work-supporting platen shown in section and with the master-pattern and two pieces of work being reproduced therefrom also shown in section. Fig. 3 is a sectional View of the machine taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 2, looking toward the left; Fig. 4 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of the tracing tool, its holder, the circuit making and breaking device o erated by the tracing tool, and a portion o the carrier upon which the holder is mounted, the parts being shown in their normal position. Fig. 5 s a sectional view similar to Fig. 4 with the holder partly broken away, the parts `being shown in the position which they occupy when the point of the tracing tool is'carried laterally toward the left by contact with the master-pattern. Fig. 6 -is a detail plan section taken on the irregular line 6--6 of Fig. 4. Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken on line -7-7 of Fig. 6. Fig. 8 is a diagram of the wiring of theelectrical devices of the machine in which electric lamps' are employed as the normally inactive means are rendered operative b the com letion of the circuit. Fg. 9 is a iagram o the wiring of the electric devices of the machine where the normally inactive means rendered active by the completion of the circuit consists of an audible signal such as an electric bell. Fig. 10 is a diagrammatic view illustrating a modified view of my invention in which the normally inactive means rendered active by the com'pletion of the circuit .consists of electrical devices to arrest movement. of the tool carrier when the tracing tool has come into contact with the master-pattern.- Fig. 11 is a diagrammatic view of another modified form of my invention in which the normally inactive means rendered active by the completion of the circuit making and breakin device consists of combined electric and uid operated instrumentalities to arrest the movement of the tool carrier when the tracng tool has come into contact with the master-pattern. Fig. 12 is a vertical sectional view of a modified formiof the tracing tool or stylus and the circuit breaking device which it actuates.

In the drawings, 15 is a tool carrier upon which two suitable working tools 16, 16 are mounted, said carrier being journaled in bearings 17, 17 having pivotal connection, respectively, with levers 18, 18 fulcrumed upon a rock shaft 19 and said levers being pvotall connected to each other at their -rear en s by a link 20 constituting a counter weight. The rock shaft 19 is mounted to rock upon a pair of slides 21, 21 constituting a carrage mounted-to slide u on suitable ways 22, 22 and caused to trave in parallel ism by drums 23, 23,connected to their respective slides by suitable means such, for example, as a pair of flexible cords 24, 24 for each drum, these drums being'secured to a shaft 25 journaled in the side members 26, 26

of the frame of the machine.

Mounted: upon the tool carrier 15 in any suitable manner is a tracing tool holder 27 on which is journaleda collar 28 having pivotal and slidin connection with an operatin lever 29 fu crumed at its rear end on the roc shaft 19 and'provided at its 'forward end with a handle 30 for manualoperation. By means of this handle, the operator is enabled to move the tool carrier 15 forward and back, up and down and right and left, since the mechanism hereinbefore described constitutes a means permitting universal movement of the tool carrier, this mechanism forming a part of the subject matter. of the aforesad 'application :for Letters Patent of the United States. i

A suitable platen 31 supports a suitable preferably, non-conducting master-pattern with the master-pattern 32 in such a manner 4 as to act as a guide for the operator and thus enable him to make exact reproductions of the pattern.

I will now proceed to describe the novel i devices which form the subject matter of my present invention. v

The tracing tool 34 which is formed of any suitable material according to the nature of the master-pattern 32 is provided with a screwthreaded shank 35 by which it is screwed into a sleeve 36 so that it is possible toeremove the tracing tool from time to time and replace it by others of different sizes and shapes suitable for the particular master-pattern or parts thereof., The sleeve 36 is provided with an axial bore 37 in which is ocated a plunger 38 telescopically arranged therein, said plunger, in practice, be-

ing fitted to the bore of said sleeve with a clearance of only a f-action of a thousandth of an inch suflicient to permit the introduction of the thinnest oils. If desired, a pin 39 may be inserted in the plun er 38 and arranged with its outer ,end to s ide vertically in a slot 40 provided i the sleeve 36 to prevent turning moveme t of said plunger in said sleeve.

Surrounding the plun er 38 is a spring 41 bearing at its lower en against the upper end of the sleeve 36 and bearing at its upper end' against a shoulder 42 provided on said plunger, said s ring tending to extend the two telescopical y arran ed parts 36 and 38.

The plunger 38 s provi ed n its upper end a with a yielding portion 49 of said plug formed by a slot 50 by means of which sai plug may be securely locked in its adjusted position in said ,sleeve within which it is mounted.

The sleeve 47 is surrounded by a sleeve 51 of insulating material, the latter sleeve being mounted in the holder 27 which is slotted 'as at 52 and provided with a clamping nut 53 having a tapered portion' 54 by which said holder is caused to clamp the sleeve 51 which in turn causes the sleeve 47 to be clamped. In this way, the parts are securely means wardly beyond the insulting sleeve 51 has screw-threaded' with a r' 55 provided with a sp ericl socket 56 in w ich "is fitted'a correspon'ding spherical surface 57 fol-medon the sleeve 36, these parte constituting a ball and socket or universal joint permtting lateral swinging movement of the tracing tool 34, the sleeve 36 and the plunger 38 which is telescopically arranged with relation to said sleeve.

The bore 37 of the sleeve 36 constitutes a chamber wherein are located two terminals 58 and 59 normally separated from each other by a slight space. These terminals are, in practice, formed of a suitable material such, for examp1e, as latinum. The upper terminal 59 -is yieldingly mounted in any suitable' manner, as by being inserted in a spring-pressed plunger 60 mounted to slide within anaxial bore 61 provided in the plunger38, the vertical travel of the plunger 60 being limited by a pin 62 passing there- 'through into a slot 63 provided in the plunger 38.

The termnal 58 is mounted ina holder 64 which is mounted in an insulating bushing 65 having screwethreaded engageme'nt with the sleeve 36 and projecting outwardly through a vertical slot 66 provided in the ring 55. The holder 64 is screwed into a binding post 67 surrounded by an insulating sleeve 68 and provided with a sleeve nut 69. The binding post 67 is provided with a g-oove 70 in which extends a line wire 71', said wire extending between one end of the sleeve nut 69 and one end of the insulating sleeve 68 and being clamped therebetween by the coperative action of said sleeve nut with said binding post. 4 Preferably, the sleeve nut is provided with an outwardly flared entrance 72 for the insulated portion of the line wire 71 so as to prevent said wire from being broken ofl' owng to the continual flexing of said wire.

The collar is provided with a notch 73 I allowing a free play of the sleeve 68 with respect thereto during vertical movements m- ]ateral swinging movements of the sleeve 36. It will be noted that the sleeve 36 is provided with a shoulder 74 separated from the lower end of the sleeve 47 by a slight space, this space'being suflicient to allow the sleeve 36 to Swing laterally owing to its ball and socket connection with the collar 55 and to slide vertically with relation to the sleeve 47, such vertical sliding movement resulting in the terminal 58 being carried upwardly into contact with the terminal 59 and .said. swinging movement causing the hall 44 to act, as shown in Fig. 5, to force the plunger 38 downwardly to Carry the terminal 59 into contact* with the terminal 58. Thus it will be evident that whenever the tracing tool 34 comes into contact with the master-pattern by movement in an direction, the two terminals 58 and 59 wll be carried into contact with each other.

The holder 64 for the terminal 58 is screwedinto place in the binding post 67 through a screw-threaded hole 75 provided in the sleeve 36 into which hole is screwed a screw 76, the head of which plays in a. vertical slot 77 provided in the rng 55.

When it is desired to render the circuit making and breaking' device inoperative, this is accomplished by rotating the ring 55 ,in a proper direction to carry the shoulder 74 into contact with the lower extremity of the sleeve 47, thereby rendering the tracing tool 34 perfectly rigid. A screw 7 8 having screw-threaded engagement with the ring 55 is provided with a reduced cylindrical projection 79 located in a segmental slot 80 provided in the screw-threaded portion of the sleeve' 47, this screw 78 serving to normally lock said sleeve against rotation;

This slot is of such extent that when the ring 55 has been screwed up to carry the shoulder 74 into contact with the lower extremity of the sleeve 47 some space still exists beyond the projection 79 in the direction in which said screw is revolving about the axis of said sleeve and the other limit of said slot is so placed that when said ring is rotated in the opposite direction to carry the shoulder 74 out of contact with the 'lower extremity of the sleeve 47, the proper amount 'of separation of the terminals 58 and 59 to break the circuit is positively determined.

The spring-pressed plunger in which the terminal 59 is mounted prevents injury to said terminal which might occur if it were' subjected to undue pressure. The terminal 59 is electrically connected with the ring 55 through the contact of the metallic partsconnecting said terminal and said ring.

The ring 55'is provided with a binding post' 81 having a sleeve 82 and sleeve nut 83, said binding post being provided with a slot 844 in which is located a line wire 85 extending between said sleeve and said sleeve nut, these parts being all identical with the parts of the binding post 67 hereinbefore described. The line -Wires 85 form a part of an electric circuit having therein normally inactivc means rendered active upon completion of the circuit by the contact of the terminals 58 and 59. In Fig. 8, said means is shown as a visible signal consisting of one or more electric lamps 86 which may be suitably placed upon the machine preferably one adjacent to each of the working tools 16. In Fig. 9, the 'normally inactivc means rendered active by the completion of the circuit consists of an electric bell 87 which gives an audible signal to the workman. In Fig. 10, the normally inactive means rendered active by the co-mpletion of the circuit consists of a pair of solenoids 88 in the circuit, said solenoids having armatures 89 operatively connected to the tool carrier 1 5 in such a manner that when the tracing tool comes into contact with the master-pattern, the completion of the circuit results in the solenoids being energized and thus arresting the tracing tool in its travel and consequently positively preventing the tracing tool from injuring the master-pattern. In Fig. 11, I have shown still another modification of my invention in which the normally inactive means rendered active by the completion of the circuit consists of a solenoid 90 which, when energized, is adapted to move a valve 91 into position to allow some suitable fluid under pressure to fiow from a suitable source, not shown, through a pipe 92 and a pipe 93 to the under side of a pisten 94 arranged to reciprocate in a cylinder 95, said piston being operatively connected to the tool carrier 15. A spring 96 is provided to return the valve 91 to its nitial position after being carried therefrom under the influence of the solenoid 90 and a spring 97 is provided to assist gravity in returning the pi=ton 91' to its initial position. In this form of my invention also when the circuit is completed, the'tracing tool is arrested in its movement by the fluid pressure acting on the pisten 94 and in this way the tracing tool is positively prevented injuring the master-pattern.

It will be understood that my invention ccmprehends any means whatever normally inactive and rendered active by movement of the tracing tool in its holder, whether said means consists of signal devices or devices for actually performing work such, for example, as controlling the movement of the tool bar and the tracing tool.

Referring now to Fig. 12 wherein is shown a modified form of circuit making and breakin device for use in connection with the sty us, 98 is a tracing tool or stylus which is formed of any suitable material, preferably a non-conducting material, screwed onto a screw-threaded shank 99 on a member 100 which constitutes one of the terminals of the device, said member having electrically connect-ed thereto a line wire 101 passing into an elbow 102 of non-co nducting material screwed into said member, the end of said wire being electrically connected to said member in any suitable manner. This member is provided with a contact point 103 adapted to make and break contact with a contact point 10 1 provided thereabove in a` sleeve 105 surrounding said member. The member 100 is mounted within the sleeve 105 for vertical as well as lateral movement, said member being provided with a spherical surface 106 seated in a spherical seat 107 formed of insulating material, said seat being supported in. a socket 108 consisting of a ring having screw-threaded engagement with the sleeve 105. A helical compression spring 109 bears at its lower end against a shoulder 110 formed on the member 100 and bears at its upper end against a sleeve 111 of insulating material surrounding the upper extremity of said member and constituting a guide therefor. Thus it will be seen that the member 100 which constitutes one of the terminals of the circuit making and breaking device is normally insulated from the sleeve 105 and ring 108 and is capable of a universal movement therein. A second line wire 112 is connected to a suitable binding post 113 Secured to the ring 108. The sleeve 105 is surrounded by a sleeve 114 of insulating material, the latter sleeve in turn being mounted within a holder 115 in any suitable manner. r

The operation of the device is as follows: If the device be moved downwardly, the Stylus 98 by contact with the master-pattern will yield upwardly carrying the contact point 103 into contact with the contact point 104, thus making electrical connection between the member 100 and the sleeve 105 and completing the circuit between the line w'es 101 and 112. If, on the other hand, the device be moved laterally, the Stylus 98 by contact with the pattern will act to move the member 100 laterally this resulting in said member Contacting with the inncr periphery of the lower portion of the sleeve 108 and also at the same time owing to the copcrative 'action of the spherical surface 106 in the seat 107, said member will be forced upwardly, thus carrying the contact point 103 into contact with the contact point 101 so that at either or both of the two points described, the' circuit is completed. The circuit may be completed at still another point, if desired, by providing the member 100 with a shoulder 116 adapted to contact with the lower extrenity of the sleeve 105.

It will be observed that the member 100 is capable of universal movement so 'that wherever the Stylus 98 contacts with the masterpattern it causes the circuit making and breaking device to complete the circuit.

It will be understood that my invention comprehends broadly any circuit making and breaking means actuated by movementof the stylus or tracing tool and I do not limit myself to either of the two devices shown and described except where such limitations are pointed out in certain of the claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire by Letters Patent to secure is:

1. A machine of the' class described having, in combination, a carrier, means on which said carrier is mounted for universal movement, a working tool carried by said having, in' combination, two

i having,

carrier, a tracing tool mounted on said carrier for universal movement with respect to said carrier, and means adapted to be actuated by movement of said tracing tool relatively to said carrier, to move 'said carrier away from the work.

2. A circuit making and breaking device telescopically arranged members carrying normally separated terminals,` a holder in which said members are mounted for lateral movement relative to said holder, means connecting said holder to one of said members whereby lateral movement of said members relative to said holder imparts a relative telesco'pic movement to said members to Carry said terminals into .contact with each other, and yieldable means acting upon said members to normally hold said terminals in separated relation. I I

3. A circuit making. and breaking device having, in combination, two telescopically arranged members one of which is provided with a chamber, two normally separated terminals located in said chamber, a holder in which said members are mounted for lateral' movement relative to said holder, means connecting said holder to one of said members whereby lateral movement of said members relative to said holder imparts a relative telescopic movement to said members to Carry said terminals into contact with each other, and yieldable means acting upon said members to normally hold said terminals in separated relat-ion.

4. A circuit making and breaking device in combination, two telescopically arranged members'one of which is provided with a chamber, two normally sep-arated terminals located in said chamber and carried by said members, respectively, means by which one of said terminals is insulated from the said member' by which it is carried, a holder in which said members are mounted for lateral movement relative to said holder, means g connecting said holder to one of said members whereb `lateral movement of said members re ative to said holder imparts a relative telescopic movement to said members to Carry said terminals into contact with yieldable means tending to extend said telescopic members and acting thereby to hold said terminals in separated relation.

5. A circuit making and breaking device having, in combination, two telescopically arranged members carrying normally' separated terminals, one of said members being 'provided with a concavity forming a seat, a holder in which said members are monnted for lateral movement relative to said holder, said holder having therein a concavity' forming a seat opposed to the first-mentioned seat, a convex element interposed between said seats, and a spring tendin'g to relatively exeach other, and-- tend said members and acting thereby to urge said convex element into central position in said seats whereby said terminals are normally held in separated relation.

6. A circuit making and breaking device having, in combination, two telescopically arranged members carrying normally separated trminals one of said members being provided with a concavity forming a seat, a holder in which said members are mountcd, said holder having therein a concavity forming a seat opposed to thefirst-mentioned seat, a convex element interposed between said seats, a ball and socket joint connecting said members to said holder permitting swinging movement of said members relative to said holder, and a spring tending to relatively extend said members and acting'therebyto urge said convex element into central position in said seats whereby said 'terminals are normally 'held in separated frelation. 7. A circuit making and breaking device having, in combination, two normally sep- 'arated terminals, two members connected to each-other for relative movement in two directions one transverse to the other, to carry said terminals intocontact with each other by either of said movements, one of said terminals being yieldingly mounted in one of said members, the other of said terminals being fixed in the other of said members, ;and yieldable means aeting upon said mem-` bers to normally hold said terminals in separated relation. 7 g 8. A ci-cuit making and breaking device having, in combination, 'two telescopically arranged members one of which is provided %with a chamber in which are located two normally separated terminals carried by 105 'Silld members, respectively, a sleeve in which said members are located, a ring mounted on -said sleeve and provided With a spherical isocket, one of said members being provided with a spherical surface fitting said socket 110 and the other of said members being provided at one end with a concavity forming a seat, said sleeve having therein a concaviity forming-aseat opposed to the first-mentioned seat, a ball interposed between said 115 seats, and a spring tending to relatively extend said members and act-ing thereby to urge said ball into a central position in said seats whereby said members are held in coaxialalinement with said terminals are normally held in separated relation.

9. A circuit making and breaking device having, in combination, two telescopically arranged members one of which is provided 125 with a chamber in which are located two normally Sopa-rated terminals carried by said members, respectively, a sleeve in which said members ale located, a ring having screwthreaded engagement with said sleeve and 13 sleeve and said provided with a spherical socket, one of said members being provided with a spherical surface fitting said socket and the otherof said members being provided at one end with a concavity forming a seat, said sleeve having therein a concavity'forming a seat opposed to the first-mentioned seat,'a ball interposed between said seats, and a spring tending to relatively extend said members and acting thereby to urge said ball into a central position in said seats, whereby said members are held in coaxial alinement with said sleeve and said terminals are normally held in separated relation.

10. A circuit making and breaking device having, in combination, two telescopically which is provided with a chamber in which are located two normally separated terminals carried by said members, respectively, a sleeve in 'which said members are located, a ring mounted on said sleeve and provided with a spherical socket, one of said members being provided with a spherical surface fitting said socket and the other of said members being provided at one end with a concavity forming a seat, said sleeve having therein a concavity forming a seat opposed to the first-mentioned seat, a ball interposedbetween said seats, a spring tending to relatively extend said members and acting thereby to urge said ball into a central position in said seats, whereby said members alinement with said sleeve'and said' terminals are normally held in separated relation and a. mounting in which said sleeve is supprtad and from which said sleevein insu- 11, A tracing device having, incombination, a Stylus, a part to which said stylus is movably connected, circuit making and breakin means actuated by movement of said sty us relative to said art, and means position with relation to said said circuit making and brea rendered ino erative.

12. A mac ine of the class described havart, whereb ng means s ing, in combination, a working tool, a traqare held in coaxial e held in fixed ing tool, a holder in which said tracing tool -a circuit making and breaking means actu ated by the movement of said tracing tool relatively to said holder.

13. A circuit making and breaking device having, in combination, two normally separated terminals, two members connected to each other for relative movement in two directions, one transverse to the other, to carry said terminals into contact with 'each other by either of said movements, one of said members constituting a tracing tool, and yieldable means acting upon said members to normally hold said terminals in separated relation.

14. A circuit making and breaking device having, in combination, two normally separated terminals, a too-l, a tool holder, a ball and socket joint connecting said tool and said holder permitting relative swinging movement and relative telescopic movement thereof to Carry said terminals into contact with each other, and elastic means acting upon' said tool to normally hold said terminals in separated relation.

15. A crcuit making and breaking device having, in combination, two normally separated terminals, two members connected to each other for relative movement in two directions, one transverse to the other, to carry said terminals into contact with each other by a combination of said movement, one of said members constituting a tracing tool, and yieldable means acting upon said members to normally hold said terminals in separated relation. e

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subsoribing witnesses.

EMIL a. LOCHMAN.

Witnesses:

LoUIs A. JoNEs, SADIE V. MCCARTHY. 

